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"Nu couché" (1917), also known as "Reclining Nude," is one of Amedeo Modigliani's most celebrated paintings. This masterpiece embodies Modigliani's unique style, characterized by elongated figures, simplified forms, and a sensuous yet sophisticated portrayal of the human figure.

The painting depicts a female nude stretched across a red couch, her body angled towards the viewer. The woman's skin is rendered in smooth, warm tones, contrasting with the deep red and dark shades of her surroundings. This contrast effectively draws the viewer's attention to the woman’s body, highlighting her form and the subtle curvature of her shape. Her face, turned towards the viewer, has an expression that is both serene and intensely direct, which is a hallmark of Modigliani's portraits.

The entire composition is both balanced and dynamic. The elongated neck, one of Modigliani's signature stylistic choices, and the slightly exaggerated limbs add an ethereal elegance to the figure. The background is plain yet rich with color, which prevents distraction from the central figure and enhances the focus on the nude's form and expression.

Background and Artist Information:

1. Location and Ownership:
- "Nu couché" is part of a private collection. However, Modigliani's work can be found in major institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York and the Tate Modern in London.

2. Artist Information and Artistic Movements:
- Amedeo Modigliani, born in 1884 in Livorno, Italy, was a prominent figure in the early 20th century avant-garde. He moved to Paris in 1906, where he was influenced by the works of artists such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse.
- Modigliani is best known for his portraits and nudes, which are characterized by their elongated forms, mask-like faces, and deep, soulful eyes.
- "Nu couché" is part of a series of about 30 large nudes Modigliani painted between 1916 and 1919, during his most productive period.

3. Artistic Significance:
- The painting is a defining piece of Modigliani's oeuvre and a significant work within the Expressionist and Fauvist movements. It reflects his mastery in blending expressive emotion with a striking formalism.
- Modigliani’s nudes redefined the genre with their bold modernity and departure from traditional representations. His work focused on a raw emotional expression and beauty that transcended the conventions of his time.
- His use of bold, sensual lines and flat planes of color, as well as the intimacy and immediacy of his subjects, set him apart from his contemporaries.

4. Impact and Legacy:
- "Nu couché" was radical for its time due to its direct and unapologetic portrayal of the nude form. When first exhibited in 1917, it caused such a scandal that the police shut down the exhibition after only a few hours.
- Today, Modigliani's nudes are celebrated for their emotional depth and beauty. They continue to captivate audiences and fetch high prices at auctions, reflecting their enduring appeal and historic importance.

In conclusion, "Nu couché" by Amedeo Modigliani stands as a testament to the artist's unique vision and skill. The painting’s compelling composition and emotional resonance make it a quintessential example of Modigliani's contribution to modern art.